feat(cli-registry): drive the run-menu frontend from the CLI catalogue (PR B2)

PR #380 (PR B) held back the frontend half of the CLI registry refactor,
explicitly deferring window.__codemanCliCatalog and making session-ui.js /
mobile-overview.js catalogue-driven as "PR B2".

- Inject window.__codemanCliCatalog in renderIndexHtml(), following the
  existing __codemanCustomModelClis pattern (escapeScriptJson-guarded,
  resolved per-request). Reading CliEntry.shortBadge here is what makes it
  genuinely read, so it drops out of types.ts's DECLARED_FOR_LATER list.
- Consolidate session-ui.js's 8 near-duplicate run<Mode>() launch functions
  (opencode/codex/gemini/antigravity/pi/omp/grok/deepseek) into one shared
  _runCliMode() plus a local RUN_MODE_LAUNCH config table. The 8 method
  names stay as thin wrappers (index.html calls them by name; tests assert
  on the name). Also collapses a duplicated 8-way isAltMode/isExternalCli
  OR-chain (same expression, copy-pasted twice in openSessionOptions) into
  one EXTERNAL_CLI_MODES check.
- Add test/frontend-cli-no-id-branching.test.ts, a guard scoped to
  session-ui.js/mobile-overview.js only (not the rest of src/web/public/,
  which stays explicitly out of scope per CLAUDE.md), mirroring the
  backend's own no-id-branching guard.

mobile-overview.js and the wiring of accent/echo/wheelForward/
keyboardAccessory were investigated and deliberately left alone: the first
is already a single, tested, gated table (not duplicated logic); the second
set belongs to terminal-ui.js/keyboard-accessory.js/styles.css, files
outside this PR's mandate.

Verified on a tmux-capable devbox (this sandbox has no tmux): full CI gate
at 405 files / 7717 tests / 0 failures, typecheck clean, 94 targeted tests
covering exact per-CLI wire-body shapes unmodified and passing, and a live
anti-vacuity check on the new guard (injected a real branch, confirmed it
fails, reverted, confirmed green).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GuHtuPiHXdykq9T6rKQJ9n

test/cli-registry-no-id-branching.test.ts

@@ -314,7 +314,6 @@ describe('declared-for-later fields', () => {
    * list — and wiring one up should make its line here fail, which is the good direction.
    */
   const DECLARED_FOR_LATER = [
-    'shortBadge',
     'accent',
     'capabilities.echo',
     'capabilities.wheelForward',