fix(webview): recover a proxied dashboard that reloads on its landing page

The runtime shim masks `/webview/<cap>/` off a proxied page's URL so its router
boots on the path it expects, and the landing page masks to exactly `/`. A
`location.reload()` there (a Vite dev server on a config change or a failed HMR
update, the likeliest case in the feature's own motivating scenario) therefore
asks for Codeman's root as an iframe navigation. `serveLostWebviewFrame()`
returned early for `/`, so on a passwordless install the frame received Codeman's
own app shell and rendered it inside the web tab, and with a password it got a
401 in the frame. Either way no `codeman:webview-lost` message was posted, and
because the document loaded fine the load handler cleared the failed-frame panel,
so the Reload / Open in new tab affordances never appeared. Before masking the
frame's URL was the prefixed one, so a reload worked; this was a regression.

`/` is the one lost-frame path a registered route also serves, so the route
table cannot tell that reload from a real navigation. Credentials can: nothing
in Codeman frames its own root, and a sandboxed frame is opaque-origin with no
cookie and no Authorization header. `carriesAuthCredentials()` (pure, in
webview-proxy.ts) makes that test, and `/` is now admitted by the auth hook only
when it fails; a framed `/` that does carry credentials still gets the shell.
Without a password no auth hook runs at all, so the index route applies the
same test itself (`isLostWebviewRootFrame`) before rendering the shell, and the
three places that emitted the recovery page share `sendLostWebviewFramePage()`.

Tests: the password form in webview-auth-exemption (recovery page for a
credential-free framed `/`, shell with valid Basic auth, 401 with a stale cookie
or a top-level navigation), the passwordless form against a real WebServer in
webview-lost-root-frame (port 3198), and the credential predicate in
webview-proxy. All three fail without the fix. Verified against a live isolated
instance as well: a framed `GET /` with no credentials answers the 470-byte
recovery page, a top-level `GET /` and a framed one carrying a cookie answer the
shell.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/web/middleware/auth.ts

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import { webviewCapabilities } from '../../webview-capabilities.js';
 import {
   capabilityFromProxyPath,
   capabilityFromReferer,
+  carriesAuthCredentials,
   isLostWebviewFrameNavigation,
   lostWebviewFramePage,
   LOST_FRAME_PAGE_CSP,
@@ -190,20 +191,55 @@ function hasValidWebviewCapability(req: FastifyRequest, basePath = ''): boolean
  * login challenge inside the tab nor counts as a failed attempt against the
  * caller's IP — a dev server that full-reloads on every save would otherwise
  * rate-limit its own user out of Codeman. Fenced like the Referer exemption: a
- * path that resolves to a real route (the app shell, /api, /q) is never answered
- * this way, so a genuine unauthenticated navigation still gets the 401.
+ * path that resolves to a real route (/api, /q, a registered handler) is never
+ * answered this way, so a genuine unauthenticated navigation still gets the 401.
+ *
+ * `/` is the one registered route that IS answered here, and only when the
+ * request carries neither the session cookie nor an Authorization header. The
+ * shim maps `/webview/<cap>/` to exactly `/`, so a dashboard that reloads on its
+ * landing page (a Vite dev server on a config change) asks for Codeman's root
+ * as an iframe navigation; answering that with the app shell put Codeman inside
+ * its own web tab, and with a password it was a 401 in the frame. Nothing in
+ * Codeman frames its own root and the sandboxed frame has no credentials, so the
+ * credential-free form can only be that frame; a framed `/` WITH credentials is
+ * still the shell. Property worth knowing: a non-browser client can set these
+ * headers too, so an unauthenticated caller can tell a registered route (401)
+ * from a non-route (200) and enumerate the route table. Accepted, because the
+ * routes are public in docs/api-reference.md.
  *
  * @returns true when the reply was sent.
  */
 function serveLostWebviewFrame(req: FastifyRequest, reply: FastifyReply): boolean {
   if (!isLostWebviewFrameNavigation(req)) return false;
   const url = (req.url ?? '').split('?')[0];
-  if (url === '/' || url.startsWith('/api/') || url.startsWith('/ws/') || url.startsWith('/q/')) return false;
-  if (matchesRegisteredRoute(req, url)) return false;
+  if (url.startsWith('/api/') || url.startsWith('/ws/') || url.startsWith('/q/')) return false;
+  if (url === '/') {
+    if (carriesAuthCredentials(req.headers, AUTH_COOKIE_NAME)) return false;
+  } else if (matchesRegisteredRoute(req, url)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  sendLostWebviewFramePage(reply);
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The landing-page case of serveLostWebviewFrame, for the index route. Without
+ * CODEMAN_PASSWORD no auth hook runs at all, so a lost frame's reload of `/`
+ * reaches `GET /` directly and the route asks this before rendering the shell.
+ * Under a password the hook has already answered a credential-free lost frame,
+ * so here it only ever sees the credentialed form, which stays the shell.
+ */
+export function isLostWebviewRootFrame(req: FastifyRequest): boolean {
+  if (!isLostWebviewFrameNavigation(req)) return false;
+  if ((req.url ?? '').split('?')[0] !== '/') return false;
+  return !carriesAuthCredentials(req.headers, AUTH_COOKIE_NAME);
+}
+
+/** Send the static recovery page (lostWebviewFramePage) with its own CSP, uncached. */
+export function sendLostWebviewFramePage(reply: FastifyReply): FastifyReply {
   reply.header('content-security-policy', LOST_FRAME_PAGE_CSP);
   reply.header('cache-control', 'no-store');
-  reply.type('text/html; charset=utf-8').send(lostWebviewFramePage());
-  return true;
+  return reply.type('text/html; charset=utf-8').send(lostWebviewFramePage());
 }
 
 /**

src/web/server.ts

@@ -148,7 +148,13 @@ import { getLatestPlanUsage, setLatestCodexPlanUsage } from './plan-usage-latest
 import { telemetrySignature } from '../usage-telemetry.js';
 import { readCodexPlanUsage, resolveCodexBinaryPath } from '../utils/codex-cli-resolver.js';
 import type { ScheduledRun } from './ports/index.js';
-import { registerAuthMiddleware, registerSecurityHeaders, registerHostGuard } from './middleware/auth.js';
+import {
+  registerAuthMiddleware,
+  registerSecurityHeaders,
+  registerHostGuard,
+  isLostWebviewRootFrame,
+  sendLostWebviewFramePage,
+} from './middleware/auth.js';
 import { isMultiUserMode } from '../config/multiuser.js';
 import { bootstrapInitialAdmin, hasUsers, resolveClaudeModeForUsername } from '../user-store.js';
 import { installRouteErrorHandler } from './route-error-handler.js';
@@ -181,7 +187,7 @@ import {
   registerTabLayoutRoutes,
   tryWebviewRefererFallback,
 } from './routes/index.js';
-import { isLostWebviewFrameNavigation, lostWebviewFramePage, LOST_FRAME_PAGE_CSP } from './webview-proxy.js';
+import { isLostWebviewFrameNavigation } from './webview-proxy.js';
 import { CronService } from '../cron/cron-service.js';
 
 const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
@@ -805,7 +811,14 @@ export class WebServer extends EventEmitter {
 
     // Security headers + CORS
     registerSecurityHeaders(this.app, this.https, this.basePath);
-    this.app.get('/', async (_req, reply) => {
+    this.app.get('/', async (req, reply) => {
+      // A web-tab frame that reloaded on its dashboard's landing page. The proxy's
+      // runtime shim maps `/webview/<cap>/` to exactly `/`, so that reload asks for
+      // Codeman's own root as an iframe navigation, and it used to get the app
+      // shell rendered inside the web tab. Only the credential-free form is taken
+      // (nothing in Codeman frames its root; the sandboxed frame has no cookie and
+      // no Authorization); under a password the auth hook has answered it already.
+      if (isLostWebviewRootFrame(req)) return sendLostWebviewFramePage(reply);
       return reply
         .header('Cache-Control', 'no-cache')
         .type('text/html; charset=utf-8')
@@ -981,11 +994,7 @@ export class WebServer extends EventEmitter {
       // that navigated itself off its proxy prefix: the runtime shim masks the
       // prefix so the page's router sees its own path, and a reload of that page
       // lands here. The unauthenticated form is answered in the auth middleware.
-      if (!req.url.startsWith('/api') && isLostWebviewFrameNavigation(req)) {
-        reply.header('content-security-policy', LOST_FRAME_PAGE_CSP);
-        reply.header('cache-control', 'no-store');
-        return reply.type('text/html; charset=utf-8').send(lostWebviewFramePage());
-      }
+      if (!req.url.startsWith('/api') && isLostWebviewFrameNavigation(req)) return sendLostWebviewFramePage(reply);
       if (req.url.startsWith('/api')) {
         return reply.code(404).send(createErrorResponse(ApiErrorCode.NOT_FOUND, notFound));
       }

src/web/webview-proxy.ts

@@ -734,7 +734,9 @@ export const LOST_FRAME_PAGE_CSP = `default-src 'none'; script-src 'sha256-${LOS
  * no capability anywhere on it: no prefix in the path, no cookie in an
  * opaque-origin frame, and a Referer that names the masked page. Such a request
  * is recognisable by shape alone: a top-level navigation of an `<iframe>`
- * (`Sec-Fetch-Dest`), asking for HTML, for a path Codeman does not serve.
+ * (`Sec-Fetch-Dest`), asking for HTML, for a path Codeman does not serve. The
+ * one served path that still qualifies is `/` itself, which the callers admit
+ * only when the request carries no credentials (see carriesAuthCredentials).
  *
  * The answer is `lostWebviewFramePage()`, a static page whose only content is a
  * `postMessage` to the parent naming the path; the Codeman tab that owns the
@@ -754,6 +756,31 @@ export function isLostWebviewFrameNavigation(req: {
   return typeof accept === 'string' && accept.includes('text/html');
 }
 
+/**
+ * Whether a request carries something Codeman's auth would recognise: the
+ * session cookie, or an `Authorization` header (Basic auth, which a browser
+ * re-sends on every request to the realm once it has been accepted).
+ *
+ * `/` is the one lost-frame path a registered route also serves (the app shell),
+ * so the route table cannot tell a landing-page reload of a proxied dashboard
+ * (the runtime shim maps `/webview/<cap>/` to exactly `/`) from a genuine
+ * navigation. Credentials can: nothing in Codeman frames its own root, and a
+ * sandboxed web-tab frame is opaque-origin and carries neither, so an `<iframe>`
+ * navigation of `/` with NEITHER credential can only be that frame. A framed
+ * `/` that does carry credentials is left to the shell.
+ */
+export function carriesAuthCredentials(
+  headers: Record<string, string | string[] | undefined>,
+  sessionCookieName: string
+): boolean {
+  const authorization = headers.authorization;
+  if (Array.isArray(authorization) ? authorization.length > 0 : (authorization ?? '').trim() !== '') return true;
+  const cookie = headers.cookie;
+  const cookies = Array.isArray(cookie) ? cookie.join('; ') : cookie;
+  if (typeof cookies !== 'string' || cookies === '') return false;
+  return cookies.split(';').some((part) => part.trim().startsWith(`${sessionCookieName}=`));
+}
+
 /** The static page that hands a lost frame back to its owning tab. */
 export function lostWebviewFramePage(): string {
   return (